Overdose Response & Naloxone
Construction workers have some of the highest rates of opioid overdose of any occupation, often linked to pain from work injuries. Naloxone (Narcan) can reverse an opioid overdose, and anyone can use it.
- Everyone
Photo: naloxone nasal spray in a jobsite first aid cabinet
Signs of an opioid overdose
- Won’t wake up or respond to shouting or a firm rub on the breastbone
- Slow, shallow or stopped breathing; gurgling or snoring sounds
- Blue or gray lips and fingertips
- Very small (pinpoint) pupils
What to do
- Call 911.
- Give naloxone: for the nasal spray, lay the person on their back, put the nozzle in one nostril, and press the plunger.
- Support breathing: if they aren’t breathing, start rescue breathing or CPR if trained. See CPR.
- If there’s no response after 2 to 3 minutes, give another dose.
- Put them in the recovery position (on their side) once breathing, and stay with them. Naloxone can wear off before the opioid does.
Naloxone nasal spray is available over the counter without a prescription. Consider keeping it in jobsite first aid kits. It won’t harm someone who isn’t having an opioid overdose. Most states have Good Samaritan laws that protect people who call for help.
Getting help
If you or someone you know is struggling with substance use, call the SAMHSA National Helpline at 1-800-662-4357 (free, confidential, 24/7), or check with your EAP or union. See Fitness for Duty.
Standards & references
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