Farm & Agricultural Safety

Agriculture is one of the most dangerous industries in the country. Tractors, machinery, grain bins, animals, chemicals and heat all combine, often with long hours, family members helping out, and help far away.

Leading hazards

HazardKey controls
Tractor rolloversRollover protective structure (ROPS) and seatbelt, slow on slopes and near ditches. See Tractors & PTO
PTO shafts and machinery entanglementGuards in place, shut down and lock out before clearing plugs, no loose clothing
Grain bin engulfmentNever walk down grain; lock out augers; harness, lifeline and observer. See Grain Handling
LivestockKnow animal behavior; use chutes and gates; keep an escape route
PesticidesFollow the label, wear required PPE, obey re-entry intervals
Manure pits and silosDeadly gases; treat as confined spaces. See Confined Spaces
HeatWater, rest, shade and acclimatization. See Heat Illness
RoadsSlow-moving vehicle emblem, lights, and care at field entrances

Pesticide rules

EPA’s Worker Protection Standard covers farmworkers and pesticide handlers: safety training, access to labeling and application information, decontamination supplies, required PPE, and keeping workers out of treated areas until the restricted-entry interval ends. See Codes & Standards.

Young workers and family farms

Children are hurt on farms every year. Federal child labor rules for agriculture are less strict than for other jobs, and children working on their parents’ farms are largely exempt, but tractors, PTOs, grain bins and large animals are still among the most dangerous jobs for young people. Match chores to age and ability, and keep young children out of work areas. See Young Workers.

OSHA on farms

OSHA has agriculture standards (29 CFR 1928) for ROPS, machinery guarding and field sanitation, and some general industry rules apply. But federal budget rules have long barred OSHA from enforcing on most farms with 10 or fewer employees and no temporary labor camp. Some state plans cover more. Small farms still face the same hazards.

Daily farm checklist

Standards & references

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